11 Tips For Writers Who Want To Take Their Writing At Another Level

I love writing. I hate having to write.

Each day is a struggle to meet my commitments, whether to write books, articles, or social media posts. Steven Pressfield, the author of the bestselling book The War of Art, calls it Resistance. Resistance is a mythical force that acts against human creativity. It has one sole mission: to keep things as they are.

Whether you’re a writer or an artist creating art from your imagination, you have to fight a daily battle with Resistance.

“On the field of the Self, stand a knight and a dragon. You are the knight, resistance is the dragon. The battle must be fought every day.” — Steven Pressfield, The War of Art

Creative work enriches our lives, but it comes at a price. Creating can throw up all sorts of insecurities and anxieties, leading to blocks and procrastination, hindering our creative flow. 

When I was working full-time, I used to write late at night. If you have a day job, you know what I mean. Trying to come up with an article after a 10-hour working day is enough to rob you of your sanity. 

Things didn’t get better when I became a full-time writer. Instead, they got worse. Now I had all this time, but my productivity took a dip. I witnessed Parkinson’s Law in action — “work expands to fill the time available for its completion.” 

I was wasting too much time on research.

I was trying new ways and rejecting them when they didn’t work. 

I had no structure to my day.

I didn’t have a system.

It took me two years of trying and cementing habits before I could become a productive writer. 

Figure out what is holding you back

You will not perform at your best if you don’t know what is holding you back. Write down all the things stopping you from becoming the writer you want to become. Be honest with yourself. Mine were:

  • I don’t have time to write. And when I do have time I am not productive.
  • I am not good enough.
  • English is my second language; I will never be able to write like a native English speaker.
  • I don’t have the skills to write a balanced article.
  • My grammar is not good, and my vocabulary is limited.
  • I spend too much time reading other people’s articles and feel discouraged that I can’t write like them.
  • I spend too much time in front of the computer and still have nothing to publish at the end of the day.

Once I knew what was holding me back I could work on it by changing my mindset.

Start by changing your mindset.

We need to fit writing around the rest of our lives rather than our lives around our writing. When I understood that, my perspective changed. 

Rather than resenting that I didn’t have enough time, I started limiting my writing time and aimed to finish writing projects in the allocated time.

I also realized that I can’t be productive by using short-term hacks but I needed long-term systems that are sustainable. So I started looking for methods that fit with my way of working. 

I like to work on a single project in a day. I call it my Daily Focus Tasks. These tasks could be writing an article, working on the novel, creating a course, or creating illustrations for a picture book. I have made these Daily Focus Tasks my number 1 priority. I make sure I accomplish them every day. If I do nothing else but just the Daily Focus task, in a year, I would have 365 tasks done. That will be quite something.

Develop rituals.

Rituals are the automatic but decisive pattern of behaviors. Many artists and creatives establish them to get them to the right frame of mind before working on their creative project.

Many athletes have rituals that they follow before they enter the arena. It could be as simple as saying the affirmations while running towards the field. 

Steven Pressfield has a ritual to invoke the muse asking the divine to help inspire his work before writing each day. 

Establishing rituals at beginning of our creative efforts is a great way to avoid the possibility of turning back or giving up. By making the start of creating an automatic routine you replace doubt and fear with comfort and routine.

I have started a small ritual before embarking on my writing session. I rewrite my manifesto by hand on a notebook or a piece of paper (whatever is handy). It reminds me of why I am writing and my commitment to writing. It puts me in the right frame of mind.

My manifesto is:

  • I shall write every day.
  • I shall not compare myself with other writers.
  • I shall improve with very new book and article.
  • I shall have fun with my writing.

Get in the habit of writing daily.

In the second half of the last year, I stopped writing a daily article on Medium to concentrate on writing books. I immediately noticed the difference. Even though I was writing towards my books I was not writing every day. Somedays I just researched other days I edited. I realized that I was not fluent anymore. 

Everyday writing is more important than you think. When Stephen King had an accident and couldn’t write for several weeks, he found the words were not connecting right when he finally started writing again. His writing muscles had atrophied. He needed to exercise again to continue writing the bestselling thrillers he’d been writing for thirty years.

Productive writers can produce an insane amount of work because they commit to writing every day. Start developing your writing muscles, after a while, you will establish writing as a habit ingrained into your DNA.

Keep track of your time and find out where your time goes.

According to the 2019 American Time Use Survey an average employed person spends:

  • 3.6 hours a day working
  • 9.6 hours on personal care and sleeping
  • 1.8 hours on household chores
  • 1.2 hours on eating and drinking
  • 0.5 hours on caring for others
  • 0.8 hours on purchasing goods and services
  • 5.1 hours on leisure activities and 
  • 1.4 hours on other activities.

Every day we get twenty-four hours to live our lives in a meaningful way. But once you account for all the obligations each of us has, there really isn’t much time left; a paltry two and a half hours for most of us, to be exact.

Your time outside your day job is precious. Know where it goes and decide how you spend it. 

A helpful tip is to break your day down into 100 points. Where are your points being invested? Some of these points are spent sleeping (33), some are spent working (33). Figure out how much of the remaining points you can spend creating. 

Bring work concepts into your creative life.

Your day job can teach you some valuable lessons about turning up and getting the job done. In your day jobs, you are given set tasks and targets to achieve, you perform those tasks dutifully and in the majority of cases get the work done.

How often do you do that with your writing?

Turn up to your writing like you turn up at your job. Treat it like a second job and put in an honest day’s work. Start your day early and do your creative work first thing in the morning

Starting your day an hour or two earlier is a fantastic way to get your writing done before your day starts. It feels really good when you start your day with a blast of creativity. You will also take advantage of the creative benefits of dream state first thing in the morning.

That is why so many writers start in the wee hours of morning much before their family wakes up.

Start 30 minutes adventures.

Everyone has at least 30 minutes for lunch; most have an hour. This is a perfect opportunity to outline an article, research your next novel, or anything else which would support your creative work.

Use the deadtime well.

Most people spend at least 20 minutes commuting to work. A good use of this time is listening to audiobooks. If you take public transport, pen and paper are great to catch those amazing ideas which come and go daily.

I listen to podcasts while walking and course video while cooking. When I am watching TV, I usually have my sketchbook handy. Whenever there is an advertisement, or a show that is boring, I reach out for my notebook and start sketching.

Have TV and Social Media Off Days.

We use TV to unwind and Social Media to stay in contact with family and friends. How about eliminating those two twice a week. 

We sometimes invest so much time on some very average programs under the guise of unwinding. Try turning off the TV for a week and invest that time writing. It’s incredible how much you can get done. If you use this time to write two pages of a book every day, you will complete the first draft within six months.

Designate one day a week as Creative Day.

You do not have two opposing lives in conflict; you have one life and the challenge to develop a healthy work/art balance. 

Marisa Anne Cummings, an LA artist declared Thursday as her creative day and started a website called CreativeThurdsay to publish her progress and her artwork there’s. What started out as an intention to be more creative 1 day a week, in 2006, became a big business in a few years.

Try and focus on the positive aspects of your day job and use your creative nature to make your day more interesting and productive. Like most things in life, you get out what you put in. 

If you want your day job to be more meaningful, put more energy into doing it well, engage in the challenges that arise, and improve your own situation through the creative gifts you possess. 

Try to avoid those negative thoughts which do not serve your situation. They will only develop into negative energy and resentment towards your day job. 

If all else fails find a new job! Maybe you could find something more in line with your art or support your creative direction by providing flexibility around hours.

Find meaning In your art and purpose in your day.

A day job may not provide meaning, but it does provide the means. Viewed as part of the creative process, your day job can allow you to engage with people and find inspiration through life experience. 

Friedrich Nietzsche once said, “He who has a why to live can bear almost any how.” The same could be said for working a day job, your art is your why and your day is the how.

We generally feel better about ourselves when we positively contribute to something beyond ourselves. To feel genuinely motivated towards your day jobs, believe what you’re doing matters in some sense. The purpose is a source of fuel not just for higher performance but also for thinking more creatively about overcoming obstacles and generating new solutions during your days.

Takeaways

Writing is hard because we put so many expectations on ourselves and those expectations block us. Use some (or all) of the tips listed below and lift some of the weight off your creativity. 

  1. Figure out what is holding you back.

2. Start by changing your mindset.

3. Develop rituals.

4. Get in the habit of writing daily.

5. Keep track of your time and find out where it goes.

6. Bring work concepts into your creative life.

7. Start 30 minutes adventures.

8. Use the deadtime well.

9. Have TV and Social Media Off Days

10. Designate one day a week as Creative Day

11. Find meaning In your art and purpose in your day.

Try having fun with your writing and you will find passion that got you into writing in the first place.

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7 Essential Components of An Author Website

A website is an absolute must for authors. As soon as a reader finds a new author, the first thing they do is check their website.

Your website is your home on the internet. Your readers should always be able to find you there. It is the best way of connecting with your readers outside social media. They can find out what books you have written, which one is coming next, and how to contact you. If you are blogging, they can learn from your articles.

It is one location that you have complete control over.

Social media platforms can change their rules anytime (like Facebook has done a few times now), and you can lose your audience in a single day. But a website is your own real estate in the cyberworld.

Besides, social media content has a shelf life of a few minutes, whereas your books, articles, and announcements are always there.

Your website doesn’t need to be complicated; simple is often better. Three key areas to focus on when designing and building an author site are:

1) Your books. These should always be the main focus. It would help if you had your books displayed in a way that is easy to understand and navigate, especially with a series. Each book should include the cover, description, and purchase links. This is also a great place to highlight any awards or reviews to help sell your books.

2) Gaining newsletter subscribers. This should be your second focus. Offer something of value, such as a free copy of your book or a short course to entice readers to subscribe to your newsletter. It is better done through a landing page.

3) Your information. Readers want to know more about you, so include an ‘About’ section that showcases your personality, information about contacting you, and links to your social media accounts.

If you have had any experience building websites, you will know they could be a nightmare. You spend hours and hours solving technical issues which seem trivial but end up giving you sleepless nights.

But my biggest problem was to figure out what should an author’s website look like. Unfortunately, there is not enough information out there, and whatever is there was contradictory and didn’t address a lot of my requirements.

I went to website design companies specializing in building author websites, but they asked $5000–$6000. I was not prepared to invest that much money into the website. So I started looking for other options.

Luckily I came across a managed solution that had all I needed on my website. It is built by a thriller author Nick Stephenson and his team, and I am very happy with my new site.

According to Nick, an authors website should have seven essential components:

  1. Home Page
  2. About Page
  3. Books Page
  4. Call To Action
  5. Free Book Offer
  6. Invitation to Join Your Book Review Team
  7. Blog

Home Page

The Home page is the most visited page of an Author’s Website. Therefore, it must grab the readers’ attention while at the same time giving them enough information about you and your work.

You don’t need to write volumes about yourself or your books. Images work much better. Please check out my Home Page, and let me know whether or not it is inviting and gives you all the information you need.

About Page

About page is the second most important page on an Author’s site. It is where readers get to know you better. You should include here everything you want to share with them.

My About page has my photos, a bit of blurb about my writing history, and my second passion — sketches.

I

Books Page

Your “Books” page is the third-most visited page on your site. Most people will enter your site via the homepage. They would want to check out what other books you have written.

If you want to make direct sales of your books, you will do that from the Books page. For that reason, it is going to need most of the work.

You need to make sure you have a straightforward way to display your entire catalog. Each book should have a clear description and prominent “buy” buttons.

Free Book Offer

This is also the landing page where you offer a free book (or other goodies) so that readers get to know your writing style, and you start building your reader base so that you can announce your future books to them.

Invitation to Join Your Book Review Team

As you will be writing more books, you should build a review team to get to read your book first and provide you feedback. They are your beta readers as well as the ones most likely to give reviews on your book sales page.

Call For Action

You should have a call to action to join your newsletter at the end of each page.

Blog

Your blog is where you regularly publish to stay in touch with your readers. You can choose what you want to write there. I write articles primarily. I publish all my articles first on my blog and then on Medium, thus keeping the ownership of my intellectual property.

Final Words

My website still needs a lot of work, but I am happy where it is at the moment. I hope it is inviting and proving all the information my readers need.

I built it mostly myself, using a WordPress-based hosting service (nrdly.com) that has author-specific templates.

If you need any advice or have any questions regarding building or updating your website, ask them in the comments section. I am not an expert but I will try to answer them to the best of my knowledge.

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How I am Using LinkedIn To Establish Myself As A Writer

I am participating in a 30 Days LinkedIn sprint with 80 other participants run by 

Tom Kuegler

. We are going to publish 30 posts in 30 days. It just started on 10 January, and I have already seen some fantastic results.

My first post, I Hate Sprints, got 1877 views and 58 comments. Even when posting daily on the platform, I didn’t get this kind of engagement. Before that, I never had more than 600 views and occasional 1 -2 comments.

Image by the author

Compared to other platforms, it is much easier to grow on LinkedIn. In three days, I generated 3215 views and gained 33 new followers.

Just a few days ago, I struggled to come up with personal stories. It felt as if my well had gone dry, but as I read other people’s stories, it triggered my memories, and now I have many more stories ready to share.

I found personal writing is much easier on LinkedIn as the audience is primarily professionals and refined, unlike Facebook and Twitter, where some troubled people try to put everyone down.

Short-form storytelling works much better on LinkedIn, as you get straight to the point.

Why participate in a sprint?

Why not do it yourself?

Because sprints work.

Tom Kuegler found that the first hour after posting on LinkedIn is crucial for the success of your post. For example, if you get five comments in the first hour, the LinkedIn algorithm thinks your post is engaging and promotes it.

Working in a cohort where everyone posts around the same time and engages with other participants’ posts, you can quickly get five or more comments within an hour.

Viola, you get LinkedIn machinery behind your post!

My 1877 views were nothing compared to another participant, whose Day 2 post had more than 10,000 views in 24 hours.

How LinkedIn Can Help You Establish As A Writer

LinkedIn is one platform that is most suitable for writers. Even more than Medium, Vocal, Substack, or Twitter. It has a unique blend of all the ingredients you will need to have an author career.

  • You get way more views and fans on LinkedIn than Medium in way less time.
  • You can create a useful post in less than 20 minutes which can go viral within 24 hours.
  • The more people will see your posts, the more they will know your writing style and the value you can provide.
  • LinkedIn allows you to send a newsletter (a brand new feature released just this year), which means you can build your fan base right on the platform without urging readers to join your other newsletter.
  • You can win freelance work right on the platform. Most of the companies come looking for freelancers on LinkedIn.
  • You can meet other writers and collaborators who could enhance your writing career much faster than working by yourself.
  • You can market your products without getting penalized (most Medium publications don’t like when you promote your services).

Takeaway

For the next 30 days, I will be concentrating on posting on LinkedIn and sharing my learning here.

If you like, you can follow me on LinkedIn by clicking here.

Since everyone is affected by the diminishing views on Medium, LinkedIn could be an alternative for us as a writer.

The Most Effective Ways To Overcome Self-Confidence Problem

The Oracle had declared — whoever would undo the knot that tied the chariot of the founder of the city of Gordium (in present-day Turkey) to the pole would be the future conqueror of Asia.

But the knot was so intricate that many had tried and failed.

When 20-year-old Alexander came to Gordium on his way to conquer Asia, he too tried his hand at it. But like others, he couldn’t untie it. When Alexander saw his Generals losing faith in him, he drew his sword and cut the knot in half.

What did it matter how the knot was undone?

Alexander the Great conquered Asia and subsequently the whole world because of his this stellar attitude. Even when the task seemed impossible, his immense confidence in himself made him the winner he was.


Image Source: Encyclopedia Britannica

The phrase “cutting the Gordian knot” denotes a bold solution to a complicated problem.

Your ‘Gordian Knot’ might be a lack of self-confidence that is not letting you succeed as a writer.

Mine was.

I was trying to find the ends to my Gordian Knot for years, thinking I had to learn more and more about the craft of writing before I could ‘conquer’ the world of writing.

The truth was I lacked confidence.

I am not the only one who feels like this. So many of us lack confidence in ourselves.

Meryl Streep is one of the finest actors the world has seen. She has been nominated for a record 21 Oscars and has won three! And yet, she feels like she is a fraud. Self-doubt plagues her: “Why would anyone want to see me again in a movie? I don’t know how to act anyway, so why am I doing this?”

What can you do when you lack confidence in yourself?

Various research suggests that there are ways to boost self-confidence.

Fake It Till You Make It

Social psychologist Amy Cuddy and her colleagues conducted an experiment in 2010. They divided 42 participants into two groups:

  1. the high power posing group and
  2. the low power posing group.

They asked the first group to sit tilted back in a chair with hands behind their head and their legs propped up on the table for a few minutes.

The second group was asked to sit with their arms close to their body and their hands in their laps.

All of them were then given $2. The participants could either pocket this $2, or they could bet it on a game with a 50/50 chance to either double it or lose it all. The participants were also asked how powerful they felt on a scale of 1 to 4.

12 of the 21 folks in the low power posing group bet their $2. And their average rating of feeling powerful was 1.83.

In contrast, 18 of the 21 people in the high power posing group bet their $2. Their average rating of feeling powerful was 2.57.

Cuddy and her colleagues also took saliva tests of all the participants before the experiment began and then once again 17 minutes after their pose on the chairs.

Participants in the high power posing group showed higher levels of testosterone and lower cortisol levels. Conversely, participants in the low power posing group showed the inverse: low testosterone and high cortisol levels. (Higher testosterone leads to more confidence and lower cortisol leads to less stress and anxiety!)

Sitting in a powerful pose changed people’s emotions and hormones, making them take more financial risks.

“Fake it till you make it” works because your act changes how you feel. If you act confident, you’ll feel confident too.

Build rituals

Anxiety is the usual reaction when doing things out of our comfort zone. A great way to beat anxiety is to build rituals.

That’s right.

Rituals help us feel in control. Anything that reduces our anxiety enhances our confidence. Athletes who follow rituals before their game feel more confident about their abilities than those who don’t. Cristiano Ronaldo of Portugal’s soccer team makes sure his right foot touches the grass first before stepping onto the field for a game.

Rafael Nadal has to have all of his water bottles lined up with the labels facing the baseline where he is playing from.

Tiger Woods wears a redshirt for the final round of every tournament he plays. In every game, Michael Jordan wore his North Carolina University shorts underneath his Chicago Bulls shorts.

Writers follow rituals too. Isabel Allende starts writing her new book on the 8th of January each year. Hemingway wrote in his bedroom every morning just after dawn and would go for a daily half-mile swim immediately after. Charles Dickens was committed to a three-hour walk through the streets of London or along the countryside. Maya Angelou wrote in a hotel room surrounded by a dictionary, a deck of cards, a bottle of sherry, and a Bible.

Barbara Stoberock and her colleagues from the University of Cologne show that even a simple ritual like crossing your fingers for luck makes people feel more confident.

Build small rituals, and you’ll feel in command and full of confidence.

But what to do if you want to feel confidence deeper — in your bones?

Use Pygmalion Effect To Label Yourself

The Pygmalion effect is a psychological phenomenon in which high expectations improve performance in a given area. The effect is named after the Greek myth of Pygmalion, a sculptor who fell in love with a statue he had carved.

Image Source: Researchgate.net

Psychologist Robert Rosenthal conducted a famous experiment in 1968. He gave the young students in an elementary school in California an IQ test. He then told the teachers which of their students had the potential to bloom intellectually and were in the top 20% of the class.

But he lied to them. Rosenthal randomly names the students without looking at the results of their tests.

After a year, all the students were given another IQ test. The students who were listed as being in the top 20% improved their IQ scores by 10–15 points when compared to their peers.

Expectations changed performance. The children who were labeled as smart ended up increasing their smarts the most.

You’ve got to label yourself as confident.

How to do that?

Here is another experiment to help you figure out.

Researcher Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis and his colleagues did a research experiment with the help of 60 swimming class students at the University of Thessaly in Greece. The students were tested on how accurately they threw the ball and how far they threw it.

Then half the students were given instructions to talk to themselves every time they threw the ball. These students dramatically improved their performance and became better at throwing the ball than the others.

Motivational self-talk sounds woo-woo mumbo jumbo, but it works. Just repeatedly telling yourself that you’re a confident person makes the label stick.

Research done by Ethan Kross of the University of Michigan shows that self-talk in the second or third person works better than first-person. Saying “you can do this” instead of “I can do this” to yourself works better because it makes you think objectively.

Takeaways

  • Self-confidence is the key to being a successful writer.
  • Act confident, and you will feel confident. How you act changes how you feel.
  • Reduce self anxiety to boost your confidence. Rituals help reduce anxiety.
  • Work on your emotions to feel more confident. Power posture, rituals, and self-talk all help to build confidence.
  • Surround yourself with people who think highly of you. Their expectation will affect your confidence and change your performance.

Seven Habits of Highly Effective Mediocre Writers

Mediocrity is frowned upon, yet we are all mediocre.

I am a mediocre writer. I have not written anything that stands out. When I walk past, no one says, “Whoa! Here goes the writer of this year’s bestseller.”

I have failed at more things than I have succeeded at.

But I am still effective. I am still standing in the arena. Being mediocre is not being lazy or being dumb. Mediocrity is understanding that not everyone can be at the top. A vast majority of the people are in the middle of the bell curve, and many are by choice.

Mediocrity means I am giving time and attention to many other important things in my life than just writing. I might get better over the years. And even if I don’t, I still can be effective. I can learn to be a good marketeer and sell my work in innovative ways. I might become a good teacher and leave my mark by teaching others. Or I might learn to be more productive and generate more in less time.

I feel no shame in being mediocre. You too can excel in your mediocrity if you can cultivate these seven habits.

Be consistent.

If there is one quality mediocre writers should pursue more than any other, it is to write consistently.

There is only one thing that separates the winners from losers; winners never give up. Even when nobody is reading your work, even when you don’t know what to write, even when you know your work is not up to the mark, if you keep on writing consistently, you will get better.

More than anything else, quantity leads to quality. Daily writing will make you better.

Persistence is not just a self-help cliche. Persistence is not just, “Keep going till you hit the finish line.” Persistence is to keep failing until you fail no more.

Don’t try to be original.

If you try to write an original article or a story, you will never get started. There are thousands of articles out there on the same topic. They still get read.

Yours will be different because it will have your voice, your emphasis, your story. That alone will make it original. Stop looking for something new, something unique. Instead, work on your style. It is not what story you tell; it is how you tell it that makes it unique. Many mediocre writers have become successful because of their style. James Altucher mediocre writer; he himself says so. It is his tongue-in-cheek style that gives him an edge over other writers.

Tim Urban of Wait But Why blog is another mediocre writer who is immensely successful. His uniqueness lies in the in-depth articles he writes on general topics. He didn’t know how to draw, so he started drawing stick figures to illustrate his point. His ability to make strong connections between the visuals and text makes his topics even more interesting to his audience.

Don’t compare with other writers.

What kills a mediocre writer prematurely is their tendency to compare their work with others. They know they fall short, and it discourages them to the point that they can’t write anymore. I know that first hand. It took me years to get over my tendency to compare myself with other writers.

Writing is a personal thing. It is just like talking, only on paper. Some people are great conversationalists, while others have to learn the craft. Rather than comparing your work with others, compare it with your previous year’s work. If it is better, you are improving. You might still not be at the level you want to be, but you will get there.

Experiment.

Write haiku. Tell a story using just dialogues. Write non-fiction using techniques of fiction. Try different forms of writing. Writing is creative, and creativity is making connections between different seemingly unrelated things.

In Franz Kafka’s best-known work, Metamorphosis, the main character wakes up one morning finds himself inexplicably transformed into a huge insect. Can you write the story of an insect who turns into a human? Or a computer? Or a tree?

Or would you rather prefer to write interactive stories where the reader can decide in which direction the main character will go and how the story will end differently based on choices the reader makes? Michael La Ronn, relatively unknown Science fiction and fantasy writer (of more than 50 novels) wrote his first novel as an interactive novel when no one had heard of interactive stories.

Make mistakes.

Mistakes are the best way to learn. Mistakes deepen our knowledge and help us see what we didn’t see before. Mistakes also show us new possibilities. Making mistakes is not a sign of ignorance or inefficient, instead it is a sign of being adventurous and courageous. So many discoveries can be attributed to mistakes.

Learn from others.

Effective mediocres are not afraid of learning from others. It is because their ego is not connected to their work. They dissect other writers’ work to understand what works for them and try to imitate them. Imitation is the highest form of praise. It is also the most effective way to learn. But they don’t just stop at imitating. They try to look for ways to improve what they have learned from others. Since they are not trying to prove themselves as masters or experts, they have the luxury of experimenting.

Have fun.

It is hard to pursue any activity which is not fun. On the other hand, if you have fun, you can learn effortlessly and achieve much more. A child soon becomes proficient with electronic devices and can work it without any training manual. Mediocre writers, like children, have fun with their writing. They know even Shakespeare didn’t think he was writing literature which will be read and analyzed hundreds of years after he was gone. He was writing plays to entertain the masses.

Takeaways

Do you feel you are a mediocre writer too? Does that make you feel ashamed? Please don’t. Understand you belong in the middle of the bell cover along with most of the others.

But you can stand out if you choose to adopt some (or all) of these habits:

  1. Be consistent.
  2. Don’t try to be original.
  3. Don’t compare yourself with other writers.
  4. Experiment.
  5. Make mistakes.
  6. Learn from others.
  7. Have fun.

Having Trouble Building Habits

My husband goes for a walk every morning. Come hail, snow, or fires; he is out of the door at 5:30 am and has been doing that for more than 20 years. Sometimes he is out walking at 4:00 am if he wakes up early and can’t go back to sleep.

I, on the other hand, use the weather as an excuse for not going for a walk. It is either too cold or too hot; windy or stuffy, raining or fire season. And even if it is perfect weather, I will skip walks because I hadn’t finished the article I was writing or sketch I was making.

This year I decided to nail my walking habit. That led me to read all I could find about habit building.

Why can some people form habits so easily while others struggle relentlessly?

The answer came from a very unexpected source —Gretchen Rubin’s book The Four Tendencies.

Rubin explains when we try to form a new habit, we set an expectation for ourselves. Therefore it’s crucial to understand how we respond to expectations.

We face two kinds of expectations:

  1. Outer expectations, such as meeting work deadlines, observing traffic regulations. And
  2. Inner expectations, such as to write every day or keep a New Year’s resolution.

In her book, Rubin hypothesizes that in terms of responding to expectations, just about everyone falls into one of four distinct groups:

  1. Upholders
  2. Questioners
  3. Obligers
  4. Rebels

Each group responds differently to outer and inner expectations and needs to adopt different strategies to form habits.

Upholders

Upholders respond readily to both outer expectations and inner expectations. They wake up and think: “What’s on the schedule and the to-do list for today?” They want to know what’s expected of them and meet those expectations.

They avoid making mistakes or letting people down — including themselves.

Upholders can rely on themselves, and others can rely on Upholders. They’re self-directed and have little trouble meeting commitments, keeping resolutions, or meeting deadlines (they often finish early). They want to understand the rules, and often they search for the rules beyond the rules — as in the case of art or ethics.

Because Upholders feel a real obligation to meet their expectations for themselves, they have a strong instinct for self-preservation, and this helps protect them from their tendency to meet others’ expectations.

However, Upholders may struggle when expectations aren’t clear, or the rules aren’t established. They may feel compelled to meet expectations, even ones that seem pointless. They may feel uneasy when they know they’re breaking the rules, even unnecessary rules unless they work out a powerful justification to do so.

Upholders find it relatively easy to cultivate habits. Still, they too have to put a lot of effort into it. They embrace them because they find them gratifying.

Even habit-loving Upholders must struggle to foster good habits shows how challenging it is to form habits.

My husband is an Upholder, which is why he is so disciplined with his morning walks.

To my surprise, I found out; I too am an upholder. It took me just three weeks of setting up an alarm to wake up early and go for a walk. I used to write while my husband was on his walk. Now I wake up early, write and then go for a walk.

Questioners

Questioners question all expectations and will meet an expectation only if they believe it’s justified.

They’re motivated by reason, logic, and fairness. They wake up and think, “What needs to get done today, and why?” They decide for themselves whether a course of action is a good idea, and they resist doing anything that seems to lack sound purpose.

Essentially, they turn all expectations into inner expectations.

Questioners resist rules for rules’ sake.

Because Questioners like to make well-considered decisions and come to their own conclusions, they’re very intellectually engaged, and they’re often willing to do exhaustive research. If they decide there’s sufficient basis for an expectation, they’ll follow it; if not, they won’t.

Questioners resist anything that seems arbitrary. For instance, they would say, “I can keep a resolution if I think it’s important, but I wouldn’t make a New Year’s resolution because January first is a meaningless date.”

Questioners themselves sometimes wish they could accept expectations without probing them so relentlessly. Questioners often have analysis paralysis. They always want to have one more piece of information.

Questioners are motivated by sound reasons — or at least what they believe to be sound reasons. Questioners can sometimes seem like crackpots because they may reject expert opinion in favor of their own conclusions.

If Questioners believe that a particular habit is worthwhile, they’ll stick to it — but only if they’re satisfied with the habit’s usefulness.

Obligers

Obligers meet outer expectations but struggle to meet inner expectations. They’re motivated by external accountability; they wake up and think, “What must I do today?”

Because Obligers excel at meeting external demands and deadlines and go to great lengths to meet their responsibilities, they make terrific colleagues, family members, and friends.

Because Obligers resist inner expectations, it’s difficult for them to self-motivate — to work on a Ph.D. thesis, to attend networking events, to get their car serviced. Obligers depend on external accountability, with consequences such as deadlines, late fees, or the fear of letting other people down.

Obligers can sometimes do things for the sake of others that they couldn’t do for themselves.

The weight of outer expectations can make Obligers susceptible to burnout because they have trouble telling people “no.”

Obligers may find it difficult to form a habit because often we undertake habits for our own benefit, and Obligers do things more easily for others than for themselves. For them, the key is external accountability.

Rebels

Rebels resist all expectations, outer and inner alike. Instead, they choose to act from a sense of choice or freedom. Rebels wake up and think, “What do I want to do today?” They resist control, even self-control, and enjoy flouting rules and expectations.

Rebels work toward their own goals, in their own way, and while they refuse to do what they’re “supposed” to do, they can accomplish their own aims.

They place a high value on authenticity and self-determination and bring an unshackled spirit to what they do.

At times, the Rebel resistance to authority is enormously valuable to society. But Rebels often frustrate others because they can’t be asked or told to do anything.

They don’t care if people are counting on them or when told, “you said you’d do it,” or “your parents will be upset,” or “it’s against the rules,” or “this is the deadline,” or “it’s rude.” Asking or telling Rebels to do something often makes them do just the opposite.

Rebels sometimes frustrate even themselves because they can’t tell themselves what to do.

No surprise — Rebels resist habits. They value their freedom more than the benefit habits can bring. For them, freedom means no limits, and a life controlled by habits sounds like living a life of a prisoner.

Rebels resist habits, but they can embrace habit-like behaviors by tying their actions to their choices.

The world is full of Questioners and Obligers.

Most people, by a huge margin, are Questioners or Obligers. Very few are Rebels, and the Upholders category is also tiny.

Because Upholders and Rebels are such small categories, people who try to shape people’s habits on a large scale — employers, device manufacturers, insurance companies, instructors — focus on solutions that help Questioners, by providing sound reasons, and Obligers, by providing accountability.

How Four Tendencies Can Help You Build Habits

If you are a Questioner, you might need a sound reason for taking action (such as why you should write every day). Still, those logical arguments don’t matter nearly as much to an Obliger who will need external accountability.

An Upholder can lecture a Questioner on obligation — and make a Questioner less likely to meet an expectation because Questioners question all obligations.

As an Upholder, you might spend a lot of time worrying about things like knowing the rules of writing (whether a comma should be italicized in a footnote reference) and feeling inadequate when you unknowingly break them.

As a Questioners, you might feel exhausted by your own questioning, but you might think it is the most rational approach and hence stick with it.

As a Rebel, you sometimes wish to follow the rules but wouldn’t want to stop being Rebels.

But if you are an Obligers, you might resent others for their expectations, leaving you no time to meet your own expectations. But when given the opportunity, you might fail to meet them anyway.

The Four Tendencies framework is a great tool to give insight into human nature and your own nature. There was so much I didn’t know about myself before I read The Four Tendencies. I didn’t know why I couldn’t take up morning walks. Because they conflicted with my other habit — writing a journal in the morning. When I started waking up early and wrote my journal first, I had no problem going for a walk.

This year I am building three more habits:

  • Write daily posts on LinkedIn. I haven’t been posting much for the past six months. I want to get back into the habit of posting every day. Regular posting not only keeps me in touch with my readers but also with the narrator in me.
  • Write articles and newsletters in batches. For example, draft 4–8 pieces in one batch, edit and schedule them in another batch. Same with newsletters.

Your Takeaway

  • Building a habit depends upon how you respond to expectations.
  • To form a new habit, you set an expectation from yourself. So you need to know how you would respond to the expectation.
  • There are two kinds of expectations — outer expectations and inner expectations.
  • We all have different tendencies, and they play an important role in how we respond to expectations.
  • Upholders respond well to both outer and inner expectations.
  • Questioners question all expectations and will meet an expectation only if they believe it’s justified.
  • Obligers meet outer expectations but struggle to meet inner expectations.
  • Rebels resist all expectations, outer and inner alike. Instead, they choose to act from a sense of choice or freedom.
  • Knowing your tendency can help you make strategies to build habits aligned with your nature.

You can take a quiz at Gretchen Rubin’s site to determine your tendency.